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Home Mnemonics

Physiology Mnemonics 1

by mediconepal
October 20, 2019
in Mnemonics, Physiology Mnemonics
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Muscle spindle: origin of primary vs. secondary endings
“1from 1, 2 from 2“:
Primary ending is from Group Ia.
Secondary ending from Group II.
 
Neurotransmitters in Sleep
“SAND”
Serotonin (initiates sleep)
Acetylcholine (ACh)
Norepinephrine
Dopamine (causes arousal from sleep, i.e., wakefulness))
 
Glucagon: actions
‘ LKG2’
Lipolysis
Ketogenesis
Glycogenolysis
Gluconeogenesis
 
 
Pituitary hormones FLAGTOP:
Follicle stimulating hormone
Lutinizing hormone
Adrenocorticotropin hormone
Growth hormone
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Oxytocin
Prolactin
Alternatively: GOAT FLAP with the second ‘A’ for Anti-diruetic
homone/vasopressin
· Note: there is also melanocyte secreting homone and Lipotropin, but they are
not well understood.
 
 
Adrenal cortex layers and products “Go Find 
R
ex, Make Good Sex“:
· Layers:
Glomerulosa
Fasiculata
Reticulata
· Respective products:
Mineralcorticoids
Glucocorticoids
Sex hormones
· Alternatively for layers: GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate, convenient
since adrenal glands are atop kidney).
 
Closure sequence of Heart valves
“Many Things Are Possible”:
Mitral
Tricuspid
Aortic
Pulmonary
 
Balance organs Utricle and Saccule keep US
balanced.
 
VO2 normal value is 250 mL/min “V02” is the numbers,
just need to rearrange the order.
V is roman numeral for 5, so rearrange to 2V0, or 250mL/min.
 
 
PGI2 vs. TxA2 coagulation function TxA2 Aggregates
platelets.
PGI2 Inhibits aggregation.
· Note: full name of PGI2 is prostaglandin I2 or prostacyclin, full name of TxA2
is thromboxane A2.
 
 
Einthoven’s Triangle: organization Corners are at RA (right
arm), LA (left arm), LL (left leg).
Number of L’s at a corner tell how many + signs are at that corner [eg LL
is ++].
Sum of number of L’s of any 2 corners tells the name of the lead [eg LL-LA
is lead III].
For reference axes, the negative angle hemisphere is on the half of the
triangle drawing that has all the negative signs; positive angle
hemisphere contains only positive signs.

Adrenal cortex layers and products “Great Attire
And Fast Cars Are Really Sexy Attributes”:
Granulosa secretes Aldosterone in response to Angiotensin
II.
Fasiculata secretes Cortisol in response to ACTH.
Reticularis secretes Sex steroids in response to ACTH.
 
 
Adrenal cortex layers and products “Get My 
F
reakin’ Gun Right Away”:
Glomerulosa: Mineralcorticoid (aldosterone)
Fasiculata: Glucocorticoid (cortisol)
Reticularis: Androgens
 
 
Heart electrical conduction pathway “If patient’s family are
all having Heart attacks, you must SAVe HIS KIN!”
SA node —>
AV node —>
His (bundle of) –>
PurKINje fibers
 
 
 
Cochlea: inner vs. outer hair cell function “Outer
cells are Out of the brain. Inner cells are Into the
brain”:
Outer hair cells are motor efferents to amplify signal.
Inner hair cells are sensory afferents that actually pick up the sound.
 
 
Nervous stimulus: the 4 ways to classify “A MILD
stimulus”:
Modality
Intensity
Location
Duration
 
 
Heart: -tropic definitions Lusitropic: loose
is relaxed. Definition: relax heart.
Inotropic: when heart wall contracts, moves inward.
Definition: contract heart.
Chronotropic: ‘chrono-‘ means ‘time’. Defintion: heart rate (of SA node
impulses).
Dromotropic: only one left, it must be conduction speed by default.
 
 
 
Osteoblast vs. osteoclast OsteoBlast Builds
bone.
OsteoClast Consumes bone.
 
 
Heart valves: closure sequence “Many Things 
A
re Possible”:
Mitral, Tricuspid, Aortic, Pulmonic
 
 
Oestrogen: functions OESTROGEN SUX:
Organ development (sex organs)
Endocrine: FSH and LH regulation
Secondary sex characteristics development
Tropic for pregnancy
Receptor synthesis (of progesterone, oestrogen, LH)
Osteoporosis decrease (inhibits bone reabsorption)
Granulosa cell development
Endocrine: increases prolactin secretion, but then blocks its effect
Nipple development
Sex drive increase
Uterine contractility increase
oXytocin sensitivity increase
 
 
Electrical conductivity of tissues “Be Careful
To Shock My Best Nerve”:
In order of least conductive to most conductive:
Bones
Cartilage
Tendon
Skin
Muscle
Blood
Nerve
 
 
Prolactin and oxytocin: functions PROlactin
stimulates the mammary glands to PROduce milk.
Oxytocin stimulates the mammary glands to Ooze (release) milk.
 
 
Gut intrinsic innervation: myenteric plexus vs. submucosal plexus
function
 Myenteric: Motility.
Submucosal: Secretion and blood flow.
 
 
V/Q gradient in lung Infinity, a lung and a zero stack
nicely.
V/Q is lowest at bottom, highest at top.
 
 
Prostaglandins: dilatation abilities Prospectors keep
mineshafts open:
Mineshaft 1: Patent ductus ateriosus.
Mineshaft 2: renal afferent arteriole dilatation.
 
 
Hyperthyroidism: signs and symptoms THYROIDISM:
Tremor
Heart rate up
Yawning [fatigability]
Restlessness
Oligomenorrhea & amenorrhea
Intolerance to heat
Diarrhea
Irritability
Sweating
Musle wasting & weight loss
 
 

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