Subscribe to get Updates
  • Login
  • Home
    • Home – Layout 1
    • Home – Layout 2
    • Home – Layout 3
    • Home – Layout 4
    • Home – Layout 5
  • Health
    • All
    • 3D Medical Videos
    • AIIMS PG Questions
    • Anaesthesia E-book
    • Anatomy Books
    • Anatomy Mnemonics
    • Anatomy Slides
    • Anesthesia Slides
    • ASON Webinar Videos
    • Ayurved Medicine
    • Biochemistry Books
    • Biochemistry Slides
    • Bone and Joint Articles
    • Dental Jokes
    • Dental Slides
    • Disease
    • Downloads
    • Embryology Slides
    • Endocrine Mnemonics
    • ENDOSCOPIC SECTION
    • Exam stuffs
    • FCPS Exam Questions
    • Featured
    • Featured Posts
    • Fellowships @ Scholarships
    • Fitness
    • Guidelines
    • Gyne & Obs Slides
    • Head And Neck
    • Health
    • Health Articles
    • Health tips
    • Internal Medicine Mnemonics
    • Internal Medicine Slides
    • Lifestyle
    • MBBS Entrance Exam Old Questions
    • MBBS Exam Questions
    • MBBS Syllabus
    • MCQ Practice
    • MDMS Books
    • MDMS Syllabus
    • Medical Conferences
    • Medical Documentary
    • Medical Ebooks
    • Medical Episodes
    • Medical Jokes
    • Medical Journals & Researches
    • Medical Lectures Videos
    • Medical Movies
    • Medical Slides
    • Medical Study
    • Medical Study Notes
    • Medical Videos
    • Medicine Books
    • Medicospace Blog
    • Microbiology Books
    • Microbiology Slides
    • Mnemonics
    • Mobile Medical Apps
    • NCLEX RN Questions
    • Nepal Health documents
    • Nepal Health News
    • Nepal Health Programs
    • Nepal hospitals
    • Nepal Journals
    • Nepal Medical Colleges
    • Nepal Medical events
    • Nepal Nursing Notices
    • Neurology Mnemonics
    • Neurology Slides
    • NMC Exam Notice
    • NMCLE Questions
    • Notice
    • NURSES Stuffs
    • Nursing Books online
    • Nursing Exam Questions
    • Nursing Lecture Videos
    • Nursing Recent Advances
    • Nursing Syllabus
    • Nutrition
    • Open Surgery Videos
    • Orthopedic Books
    • Orthopedic Mnemonics
    • Orthopedic Slides
    • Orthopedic Videos
    • OSCE Guide video
    • Others
    • Pathology Mnemonics
    • Pathology Slides
    • Pediatric Slide
    • PG Entrance Exam Questions
    • PGI Questions
    • Pharmacology Ebooks
    • Pharmacology SLides
    • Physical examination Video
    • Physiology ebook
    • Physiology Mnemonics
    • Physiology Slides
    • Physiotherapy Job
    • PMDC Exam
    • Procedure Video
    • Question Collections
    • Radiographer Job
    • Radiology Books
    • Radiology Slides
    • Recent Advance Books
    • Research Study
    • Results
    • Robotic Surgery
    • Software
    • Spot diagnosis
    • Suregery Procedure Video
    • Surgery Ebooks
    • Surgery Mnemonics
    • Surgery skills video
    • Surgery SLides
    • Surgery Steps
    • Surgical Points To Remember
    • Syllabus
    • Traditional Medicine Recent Advance
    • Uncategorized
    • Upper Limb Mnemonics
    • Uro-Surgery
    • Urology Slides
    • Usmle ebooks
    • USMLE Questions
    • USMLE Videos
    • Weight Loss
    Informed Consent in URO: Transurethral Resection of the Prostate

    Informed Consent in URO: Transurethral Resection of the Prostate

    Recent Advances in Surgery-Updates 30

    Recent Advances in Surgery-Updates 30

    Sleeve Gastrectomy  Optimal Surgical Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes: or Gastric Bypass

    Sleeve Gastrectomy Optimal Surgical Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes: or Gastric Bypass

    A Trainer Reveals the Best Exercises For a Stronger, Toned Butt

    Unused Dental Surgery Prescriptions May Help Fuel Opioid Epidemic

    Breast Thermography: Technology, Benefits, and Cancer Signs

    Researchers Examine Impact of Soda on Children’s Dental Health

  • Weight Loss

    How To Lose 10 Pounds Even If You Hate Vegetables

    A Trainer Answers: What’s the Best Workout For Losing Weight?

    Drinking This Kind of Tea Could Help Shed Those Last Few Pounds

    This Easy Cardio Swap Will Help You Train for A Half Marathon

    5 Must-Follow Rules If You Want to Get Strong

    Load Up on Shrooms With These Healthy Recipes

    6 Ways to Burn More Calories Doing Bodyweight Exercises

  • Disease

    Breast Thermography: Technology, Benefits, and Cancer Signs

    Digital Health Intervention Does Not Lower Heart Attack Risk

    What Your Legs Could Be Telling You About Your Heart Health

    Causes of psoriatic arthritis: Triggers and risk factors

    What is Salicylic acid and why should I use it on my skin?

    Drinking coffee could protect against some types of cancer

    10 Things Every Woman Should Know About Yeast Infections

  • Fitness

    A Trainer Reveals the Best Exercises For a Stronger, Toned Butt

    A Trainer Answers: What’s the Best Workout For Losing Weight?

    This Easy Cardio Swap Will Help You Train for A Half Marathon

    5 Must-Follow Rules If You Want to Get Strong

    Can This Weight-Loss Pill Really Help You Lose Weight?

    6 Ways to Burn More Calories Doing Bodyweight Exercises

    10 Fat-Burning Moves That Will Help You Lose Weight

  • Nutrition

    How To Lose 10 Pounds Even If You Hate Vegetables

    These Foods to Absolutely Avoid If You Want Clear, Glowing Skin

    Drinking This Kind of Tea Could Help Shed Those Last Few Pounds

    What bleeding gums mean for people with diabetes

    What is Salicylic acid and why should I use it on my skin?

    Drinking coffee could protect against some types of cancer

    Can This Weight-Loss Pill Really Help You Lose Weight?

  • Lifestyle

    A Trainer Reveals the Best Exercises For a Stronger, Toned Butt

    Unused Dental Surgery Prescriptions May Help Fuel Opioid Epidemic

    Researchers Examine Impact of Soda on Children’s Dental Health

    Dental Care for Kids: When Should Your Child Start Going to the Dentist?

    How To Lose 10 Pounds Even If You Hate Vegetables

    A Trainer Answers: What’s the Best Workout For Losing Weight?

    These Foods to Absolutely Avoid If You Want Clear, Glowing Skin

No Result
View All Result
MedicoSpace
  • Home
    • Home – Layout 1
    • Home – Layout 2
    • Home – Layout 3
    • Home – Layout 4
    • Home – Layout 5
  • Health
    • All
    • 3D Medical Videos
    • AIIMS PG Questions
    • Anaesthesia E-book
    • Anatomy Books
    • Anatomy Mnemonics
    • Anatomy Slides
    • Anesthesia Slides
    • ASON Webinar Videos
    • Ayurved Medicine
    • Biochemistry Books
    • Biochemistry Slides
    • Bone and Joint Articles
    • Dental Jokes
    • Dental Slides
    • Disease
    • Downloads
    • Embryology Slides
    • Endocrine Mnemonics
    • ENDOSCOPIC SECTION
    • Exam stuffs
    • FCPS Exam Questions
    • Featured
    • Featured Posts
    • Fellowships @ Scholarships
    • Fitness
    • Guidelines
    • Gyne & Obs Slides
    • Head And Neck
    • Health
    • Health Articles
    • Health tips
    • Internal Medicine Mnemonics
    • Internal Medicine Slides
    • Lifestyle
    • MBBS Entrance Exam Old Questions
    • MBBS Exam Questions
    • MBBS Syllabus
    • MCQ Practice
    • MDMS Books
    • MDMS Syllabus
    • Medical Conferences
    • Medical Documentary
    • Medical Ebooks
    • Medical Episodes
    • Medical Jokes
    • Medical Journals & Researches
    • Medical Lectures Videos
    • Medical Movies
    • Medical Slides
    • Medical Study
    • Medical Study Notes
    • Medical Videos
    • Medicine Books
    • Medicospace Blog
    • Microbiology Books
    • Microbiology Slides
    • Mnemonics
    • Mobile Medical Apps
    • NCLEX RN Questions
    • Nepal Health documents
    • Nepal Health News
    • Nepal Health Programs
    • Nepal hospitals
    • Nepal Journals
    • Nepal Medical Colleges
    • Nepal Medical events
    • Nepal Nursing Notices
    • Neurology Mnemonics
    • Neurology Slides
    • NMC Exam Notice
    • NMCLE Questions
    • Notice
    • NURSES Stuffs
    • Nursing Books online
    • Nursing Exam Questions
    • Nursing Lecture Videos
    • Nursing Recent Advances
    • Nursing Syllabus
    • Nutrition
    • Open Surgery Videos
    • Orthopedic Books
    • Orthopedic Mnemonics
    • Orthopedic Slides
    • Orthopedic Videos
    • OSCE Guide video
    • Others
    • Pathology Mnemonics
    • Pathology Slides
    • Pediatric Slide
    • PG Entrance Exam Questions
    • PGI Questions
    • Pharmacology Ebooks
    • Pharmacology SLides
    • Physical examination Video
    • Physiology ebook
    • Physiology Mnemonics
    • Physiology Slides
    • Physiotherapy Job
    • PMDC Exam
    • Procedure Video
    • Question Collections
    • Radiographer Job
    • Radiology Books
    • Radiology Slides
    • Recent Advance Books
    • Research Study
    • Results
    • Robotic Surgery
    • Software
    • Spot diagnosis
    • Suregery Procedure Video
    • Surgery Ebooks
    • Surgery Mnemonics
    • Surgery skills video
    • Surgery SLides
    • Surgery Steps
    • Surgical Points To Remember
    • Syllabus
    • Traditional Medicine Recent Advance
    • Uncategorized
    • Upper Limb Mnemonics
    • Uro-Surgery
    • Urology Slides
    • Usmle ebooks
    • USMLE Questions
    • USMLE Videos
    • Weight Loss
    Informed Consent in URO: Transurethral Resection of the Prostate

    Informed Consent in URO: Transurethral Resection of the Prostate

    Recent Advances in Surgery-Updates 30

    Recent Advances in Surgery-Updates 30

    Sleeve Gastrectomy  Optimal Surgical Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes: or Gastric Bypass

    Sleeve Gastrectomy Optimal Surgical Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes: or Gastric Bypass

    A Trainer Reveals the Best Exercises For a Stronger, Toned Butt

    Unused Dental Surgery Prescriptions May Help Fuel Opioid Epidemic

    Breast Thermography: Technology, Benefits, and Cancer Signs

    Researchers Examine Impact of Soda on Children’s Dental Health

  • Weight Loss

    How To Lose 10 Pounds Even If You Hate Vegetables

    A Trainer Answers: What’s the Best Workout For Losing Weight?

    Drinking This Kind of Tea Could Help Shed Those Last Few Pounds

    This Easy Cardio Swap Will Help You Train for A Half Marathon

    5 Must-Follow Rules If You Want to Get Strong

    Load Up on Shrooms With These Healthy Recipes

    6 Ways to Burn More Calories Doing Bodyweight Exercises

  • Disease

    Breast Thermography: Technology, Benefits, and Cancer Signs

    Digital Health Intervention Does Not Lower Heart Attack Risk

    What Your Legs Could Be Telling You About Your Heart Health

    Causes of psoriatic arthritis: Triggers and risk factors

    What is Salicylic acid and why should I use it on my skin?

    Drinking coffee could protect against some types of cancer

    10 Things Every Woman Should Know About Yeast Infections

  • Fitness

    A Trainer Reveals the Best Exercises For a Stronger, Toned Butt

    A Trainer Answers: What’s the Best Workout For Losing Weight?

    This Easy Cardio Swap Will Help You Train for A Half Marathon

    5 Must-Follow Rules If You Want to Get Strong

    Can This Weight-Loss Pill Really Help You Lose Weight?

    6 Ways to Burn More Calories Doing Bodyweight Exercises

    10 Fat-Burning Moves That Will Help You Lose Weight

  • Nutrition

    How To Lose 10 Pounds Even If You Hate Vegetables

    These Foods to Absolutely Avoid If You Want Clear, Glowing Skin

    Drinking This Kind of Tea Could Help Shed Those Last Few Pounds

    What bleeding gums mean for people with diabetes

    What is Salicylic acid and why should I use it on my skin?

    Drinking coffee could protect against some types of cancer

    Can This Weight-Loss Pill Really Help You Lose Weight?

  • Lifestyle

    A Trainer Reveals the Best Exercises For a Stronger, Toned Butt

    Unused Dental Surgery Prescriptions May Help Fuel Opioid Epidemic

    Researchers Examine Impact of Soda on Children’s Dental Health

    Dental Care for Kids: When Should Your Child Start Going to the Dentist?

    How To Lose 10 Pounds Even If You Hate Vegetables

    A Trainer Answers: What’s the Best Workout For Losing Weight?

    These Foods to Absolutely Avoid If You Want Clear, Glowing Skin

No Result
View All Result
HealthNews
No Result
View All Result
Home Uncategorized

Splenic Infarct

by Recent Advance
April 4, 2022
in Uncategorized
0
Splenic Infarct
0
SHARES
28
VIEWS
Share on FacebookShare on Twitter

A splenic infarct is caused by occlusion of the splenic artery or one of its branches, resulting in tissue necrosis. They are be caused by a variety of potential pathologies, however fortunately splenic infarctions are rare events.

As the spleen is supplied by the splenic artery (from the coeliac axis) and the short gastric arteries (from left gastroepiploic artery), infarction is often not complete due to collateral circulation.

RelatedPosts

Sleeve Gastrectomy Optimal Surgical Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes: or Gastric Bypass

Some Of The Foods That Can Help You Get A Better Sleep

Did you know ? Kids And Eating Disorders

Incidence rates vary significantly, however in predisposing conditions, such as chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML), rates as high as 72% have been reported, although many of these are asymptomatic.

Clinical Features

Classically, symptomatic patients will present with left upper quadrant abdominal pain, which may radiate to the left shoulder.

Less common symptoms include fever, nausea or vomiting, or pleuritic chest pain. However in a significant number of patients, splenic infarcts can be completely asymptomatic, diagnosed purely by imaging or explorative surgery.

On examination, LUQ tenderness is common. Other signs may be present depending on any complications that may have developed, as discussed below.

Differential Diagnosis

As with many cases of acute abdomen, there is a wide range of differentials to consider, narrowed down through clinical features and investigations.

However, important common differentials to consider for LUQ pain include peptic ulcer disease, pyelonephritis or ureteric colic, and a left sided basal pneumonia.

Aetiology

The most common causes of splenic infarction are haematological disease or thromboembolism.

  • Haematological disorders* such as lymphoma, myelofibrosis, Sickle Cell Disease, Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia, Polycythaemia Rubra Vera, or hypercoagulable states
  • Embolic disorders such as endocarditis, atrial fibrillation, infected aneurysm grafts, or post-MI mural thrombus

Other rarer causes include vasculitis, trauma (including blunt trauma or torsion of a ‘wandering’ splenic artery), collagen tissue diseases, or surgery (pancreatectomy or liver transplantation).

*Haematological diseases cause infarction through congestion of the splenic circulation by abnormal cells, often further confounded in conditions (such as CML or myelofibrosis) by anaemia and splenomegaly

Investigations

The gold standard investigation for suspected splenic infarction is a CT abdominal scan with IV contrast (Fig. 2).

Routine bloods, including FBC, U&Es, LFTs, and coagulation screen, will aid diagnosis, especially if a haematological or thromboembolic cause is suspected. WCC have been shown to be high in around half of cases and raised d-dimer levels may also aid the diagnosis.

Management

There are no specific treatments for splenic infarct. Patients are monitored regularly, ensuring haemodynamic stability, with appropriate analgesia and IV hydration prescribed. Most cases warrant suitable management of the underlying condition in order to minimise future risk.

It is important to identify the cause of the infarction, which may require the involvement of a haematologist and an ECHO scan, as well as consideration of long term anticoagulation.

Long-term Management

Splenectomy should be avoided due to risks of overwhelming post-splenectomy infection (OPSI) syndrome, however this may become unavoidable if complications develop or symptoms persist. Most cases should be delayed to until patient age >2yrs (ideally >10yrs), to ensure appropriate immune response can be developed post-splenectomy.

Due to the spleens role in the protection against encapsulated bacteria, vaccination against S. pneumoniae, N. mengitidis, and H. influenza is advised in extensive splenic infarctions, as well as long term low dose antibiotic cover (ideally Penicillin V) due to the inability to clear encapsulated bacteria without a spleen.

Prognosis

The prognosis of splenic infarctions varies enormously, depending on the cause and severity of the disease. Patients with benign underlying disease and asymptomatic infarcts will have an extremely good prognosis, whilst patients with splenic infarct secondary to haematological malignancy will have a far more guarded outcome.

Complications

The most common complications of splenic infarction are splenic rupture, splenic abscess, and pseudocyst formation. Most of these cases will warrant splenectomy.

Splenic Abscess

A splenic abscess will be seen post-splenic infarct when underlying cause was from a non-sterile embolus, such as infective endocarditis (or in rarer cases when the patient is immunocompromised)

The embolus seeds infection into the necrotic splenic tissue, yet clinically this can be difficult to differentiate from an uncomplicated infarction. Diagnosis may be based on CT scanning viewed by an experienced radiologist, especially when combined with raised inflammatory markers, however most cases will only be confirmed with explorative surgery.

Auto-Splenectomy

Auto-splenectomy is a rare condition that results in asplenism. Repeated splenic infarctions result in the progressive fibrosis and atrophy of the spleen; when this continues over a prolonged period of time, especially during childhood, this can lead to complete atrophy of the spleen, termed auto-splenectomy.

The most common cause of auto-splenectomy is sickle-cell anaemia. Repeated sickle-cell crises lead to recurrent occlusion of the splenic artery. As this can continue throughout childhood, it can cause complete asplenism by adulthood.

Tags: collaterals of spleenleft upper quadrant painspleen diseasesplenic artery occlusionsplenic infract
Advertisement Banner
Previous Post

Prostatitis

Next Post

Liver transplantation – acute liver failure – end-stage liver disease

Recent Advance

Related Posts

Sleeve Gastrectomy  Optimal Surgical Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes: or Gastric Bypass
Uncategorized

Sleeve Gastrectomy Optimal Surgical Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes: or Gastric Bypass

June 15, 2022
Some Of The Foods That Can Help You Get A Better Sleep
Uncategorized

Some Of The Foods That Can Help You Get A Better Sleep

January 26, 2022
Did you know ? Kids And Eating Disorders
Uncategorized

Did you know ? Kids And Eating Disorders

January 26, 2022
Yoga – what Benefits Beyond The Mat ?
Uncategorized

Yoga – what Benefits Beyond The Mat ?

January 22, 2022
Cancer Prevention: 5 Diet Changes You Need To Make -2022
Uncategorized

Cancer Prevention: 5 Diet Changes You Need To Make -2022

January 22, 2022
Know about Temperature Curves Medical study notes
Uncategorized

Know about Temperature Curves | Medical Study Notes

January 18, 2022
Load More
Next Post
Liver transplantation – acute liver failure – end-stage liver disease

Liver transplantation - acute liver failure - end-stage liver disease

Discussion about this post

Recommended

Coronavirus medicospace

COVID-19 (CORONAVIRUS) PANDEMIC UPDATE : TREATMENT !

2 years ago

How to use Endnote |Easy video Guide

6 years ago

Don't Miss

Informed Consent in URO: Transurethral Resection of the Prostate

Informed Consent in URO: Transurethral Resection of the Prostate

June 15, 2022
Recent Advances in Surgery-Updates 30

Recent Advances in Surgery-Updates 30

June 15, 2022
Sleeve Gastrectomy  Optimal Surgical Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes: or Gastric Bypass

Sleeve Gastrectomy Optimal Surgical Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes: or Gastric Bypass

June 15, 2022

A Trainer Reveals the Best Exercises For a Stronger, Toned Butt

May 15, 2022
MedicoSpace

We bring you the best Premium WordPress Themes that perfect for news, magazine, personal blog, etc. Check our landing page for details.

Follow us

Recent News

Informed Consent in URO: Transurethral Resection of the Prostate

Informed Consent in URO: Transurethral Resection of the Prostate

June 15, 2022
Recent Advances in Surgery-Updates 30

Recent Advances in Surgery-Updates 30

June 15, 2022

Categories

  • About
  • Advertise
  • Privacy & Policy
  • Contact

Subscribe MedicoSpace.com - Medical & Health Blog © 2009--2021

No Result
View All Result
  • Home
    • Home – Layout 1
    • Home – Layout 2
    • Home – Layout 3
    • Home – Layout 4
    • Home – Layout 5
  • Health
  • Weight Loss
  • Disease
  • Fitness
  • Nutrition
  • Lifestyle

Subscribe MedicoSpace.com - Medical & Health Blog © 2009--2021

Welcome Back!

Login to your account below

Forgotten Password?

Retrieve your password

Please enter your username or email address to reset your password.

Log In