pharamacology mnemonics collections ..the list will be added. please suggest in comment
Pulmonary infiltrations inducing drugs “Go BAN Me!”:
Gold
Bleomycin/ Busulphan/ BCNU
Amiodarone/ Acyclovir/ Azathioprine
Nitrofurantoin
Melphalan/ Methotrexate/ Methysergide
MPTP: mechanism, effect MPTP:
Mitochondrial Parkinson’s-Type Poison.
- A mitochondrial poison that elicits a Parkinson’s-type effect.
Antimuscarinics: members, action
“Inhibits Parasympathetic And Sweat”:
Ipratropium Pirenzepine Atropine Scopolamine
- Muscarinic receptors at all parasympathetic endings sweat glands in sympathetic.
Teratogenic drugs: major non-antibiotics TAP CAP:
Thalidomide Androgens Progestins Corticosteroids Aspirin & indomethacin Phenytoin
Steroid side effects CUSHINGOID:
Cataracts
Ulcers
Skin: striae, thinning, bruising
Hypertension/ Hirsutism/ Hyperglycemia
Infections
Necrosis, avascular necrosis of the femoral head
Glycosuria
Osteoporosis, obesity
Immunosuppression
Diabetes
Beta blockers with CYP2D6 polymorphic metabolism
“I Met Tim Carver, the metabolic polymorph”:
- The following beta blockers require dose adjustment due to CYP2D6 polymorphic metabolism:
Metoprolol Timolol Carvedilol (in patients with lower or higher than normal CYP2D6 activity)
Beta blockers with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity
Picture diabetic and asthmatic kids riding away on a cart that rolls on pinwheels. Pindolol and Carteolol have high and moderate ISA respectively, making them acceptable for use in some diabetics or asthmatics despite the fact that they are non-seletive beta blockers.
Muscarinic effects SLUG BAM:
Salivation/ Secretions/ Sweating
Lacrimation
Urination
Gastrointestinal upset
Bradycardia/ Bronchoconstriction/ Bowel movement
Abdominal cramps/ Anorexia
Miosis
Sulfonamide: major side effects
- Sulfonamide side effects:
Steven-Johnson syndrome
Skin rash
Solubility low (causes crystalluria)
Serum albumin displaced (causes newborn kernicterus and potentiation of other serum albumin-binders like warfarin)
Epilepsy types, drugs of choice:
“Military General Attacked Weary Fighters Pronouncing ‘Veni Vedi Veci’ After Crushing Enemies”:
- Epilepsy types:MyoclonicGrand mal Atonic West syndrome Focal Petit mal (absence)
- Respective drugs:Valproate Valproate Valproate ACTH Carbamazepine Ethosuximide
Quinolones [and Fluoroquinolones]: mechanism
“Topple the Queen“: Quinolone interferes with Topoisomerase II.
Beta blockers:
B1 selective vs. B1-B2 non-selective
A through N: B1 selective: Acebutalol, Atenolol, Esmolol, Metoprolol.
O through Z: B1, B2 non-selective: Pindolol, Propanalol, Timolol.
Ribavirin: indications RIBAvirin:
RSV
Influenza B
Arenaviruses (Lassa, Bolivian, etc.)
Hypertension: treatment ABCD:
ACE inhibitors/ AngII antagonists (sometimes Alpha agonists also) Beta blockers
Calcium antagonists
Diuretics
Narcotics: side effects “SCRAM if you see a drug dealer”: Synergistic CNS depression with other drugs
Constipation
Respiratory depression
Addiction
Miosis
Sex hormone drugs: male “Feminine Males Need Testosterone“:
Fluoxymesterone
Methyltestosterone
Nandrolone
Testosterone
Ca++ channel blockers: uses CA++ MASH:
Cerebral vasospasm/ CHF
Angina
Migranes
Atrial flutter, fibrillation
Supraventricular tachycardia
Hypertension
- Alternatively: “CHASM“:
Cererbral vasospasm / CHF
Hypertension
Angina
Suprventricular tachyarrhythmia
Migranes
Disulfiram-like reaction inducing drugs “PM PMT” as in Pre Medical Test in the PM:
Procarbazine
Metronidazole
Cefo (Perazone, Mandole, Tetan).
Delerium-causing drugs ACUTE CHANGE IN MS:
Antibiotics (biaxin, penicillin, ciprofloxacin)
Cardiac drugs (digoxin, lidocaine)
Urinary incontinence drugs (anticholinergics)
Theophylline
Ethanol
Corticosteroids
H2 blockers
Antiparkinsonian drugs
Narcotics (esp. mepridine)
Geriatric psychiatric drugs
ENT drugs
Insomnia drugs
NSAIDs (eg indomethacin, naproxin)
Muscle relaxants
Seizure medicines
Morphine: side-effects MORPHINE:
Myosis
Out of it (sedation)
Respiratory depression
Pneumonia (aspiration)
Hypotension
Infrequency (constipation, urinary retention)
Nausea
Emesis
Therapeutic dosage: toxicity values for most commonly monitored medications
“The magic 2s”:
Digitalis (.5-1.5) Toxicity = 2.
Lithium (.6-1.2) Toxicity = 2.
Theophylline (10-20) Toxicity = 20.
Dilantin (10-20) Toxicity = 20.
APAP (1-30) Toxicity = 200.
Diuretics:
thiazides: indications “CHIC to use thiazides”:
CHF
Hypertension
Insipidous
Calcium calculi
Migraine: prophylaxis drugs
“Very Volatile Pharmacotherapeutic Agents For Migraine Prophylaxis”:
Verpamil
Valproic acid
Pizotifen
Amitriptyline
Flunarizine
Methysergide
Propranolol
Adrenoceptors: vasomotor function of alpha vs. beta
ABCD:
Alpha = Constrict.
Beta = Dilate.
Antiarrhythmics: classification
I to IV MBA College
- In order of class I to IV:
Membrane stabilizers (class I)
Beta blockers
Action potential widening agents
Calcium channel blockers
Opiods: mu receptor effects “MD CARES“:
Miosis
Dependency
Constipation
Analgesics
Respiratory depression
Euphoria
Sedation
Cancer drugs: time of action between DNA->mRNA ABCDEF: Alkylating agents
Bleomycin
Cisplastin
Dactinomycin/ Doxorubicin
Etoposide
Flutamide and other steroids or their antagonists (eg tamoxifen, leuprolide)
Busulfan: features ABCDEF:
Alkylating agent
Bone marrow suppression s/e
CML indication
Dark skin (hyperpigmentation) s/e
Endrocrine insufficiency (adrenal) s/e
Fibrosis (pulmonary) s/e
Tricyclic antidepressants: members worth knowing
“I have to hide, the CIA is after me”:
Clomipramine Imipramine Amitrptyline
- If want the next 3 worth knowing, theDNDis also after me:
Desipramine Norrtriptyline Doxepin
Torsades de Pointes: drugs causing APACHE:
Amiodarone Procainamide Arsenium Cisapride Haloperidol Eritromycin
Serotonin syndrome: components Causes HARM:
Hyperthermia Autonomic instability (delirium) Rigidity Myoclonus
Tetracycline: teratogenicity
TEtracycline is a TEratogen that causes staining of TEeth in the newborn.
Patent ductus arteriosus: treatment
“Come In and Close the door”: INdomethacin is used to Close PDA.
Physostigmine vs. neostigmine LMNOP:
Lipid soluble
Miotic
Natural
Orally absorbed well
Physostigmine
- Neostigmine, on the contrary, is:
Water soluble
Used in myesthenia gravis
Synthetic
Poor oral absorption
Beta 1 selective blockers
“BEAM ONE up, Scotty”:
Beta 1 blockers:
Esmolol
Atenolol
- Metropolol
